Dilatometer (Model 409C) (Netzsch, Germany), DSC/TG (Model 449C) (Netzsch, Germany), BET Surface Area Analyzer (Quantachrome, USA), Rheometer (Anton Parr, USA), Nano Zeta Sizer (Malvern, UK), 10 KN Materials Testing Machine (Tinius Olsen, UK), Vickers Semi- Macro Hardness Tester (Leco, Japan)